2022考研英语二真题,2011考研英语二

2022年考研英语二真题

Part I Reading Comprehension (40 points)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.

The world’s oceans are facing a “new era” of marine plastic pollution that may last for centuries, according to a report by scientists. The study found that plastic pollution in the oceans is now widespread and increasing rapidly, __1__ the amount of plastic in the oceans could triple within a decade without significant action. The research, which was conducted by an international team of scientists, found that plastic pollution is __2__ every part of the ocean, from the Arctic to the Antarctic and from shorelines to the deep sea. The report also found that plastic pollution is __3__ marine life, with animals such as turtles and seabirds __4__ from ingesting plastic or becoming entangled in it.

The report calls for urgent action to reduce plastic pollution in the oceans, including __5__ the use of single-use plastics, improving waste management and increasing recycling rates. The researchers also called for greater __6__ of the impact of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems and for the development of new technologies to remove plastic from the oceans.

The report comes as governments around the world are __7__ to tackle plastic pollution. In the UK, for example, a ban on microbeads in cosmetics came into force earlier this year, while the government has also __8__ plans to introduce a deposit return scheme for plastic bottles. However, campaigners argue that more needs to be done to __9__ the scale of the problem.

The report concludes that the world is at a “critical juncture” in relation to plastic pollution in the oceans and that urgent action is needed to prevent further damage to marine ecosystems. The researchers warn that if action is not taken, the amount of plastic in the oceans could __10__ to outweigh fish by 2050.

A) threatening

B) reducing

C) harming

D) exploring

E) assessing

F) banning

G) implementing

H) monitoring

I) removing

J) surpass

Word Bank:

[A] threatening [B] reducing [C] harming [D] exploring [E] assessing [F] banning [G] implementing [H] monitoring [I] removing [J] surpass

1. J

2. A

3. C

4. E

5. F

6. E

7. G

8. F

9. B

10. J

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Questions 11 to 20 are based on the following passage.

A) The first thing to say about the new book by the philosopher Julian Baggini is that it is great fun to read. This is no small achievement. Philosophy is often seen as difficult and forbidding, and many of its practitioners seem to go out of their way to make it so. But Baggini is a natural communicator, and he writes with wit and clarity.

B) The second thing to say is that the book is important. It is important because it addresses a question that is both fundamental and pressing: what is the meaning of life? This is a question that has been asked by philosophers, theologians, artists and scientists for centuries, and it is a question that will never go away. It is a question that we all ask ourselves at some point, whether we are religious or not, and it is a question that we all need to answer in some way if we are to live well.

C) The third thing to say is that the book is not a work of original philosophy. Baggini is not presenting a new theory of the meaning of life, nor is he offering a radical critique of existing theories. Instead, he is providing a guide to the existing literature on the subject, and he is doing so in a way that is accessible and engaging.

D) The fourth thing to say is that the book is not just a guide to the literature. Baggini is also offering his own perspective on the question of the meaning of life, and he is doing so in a way that is both personal and philosophical. He tells us about his own struggles with the question, and he shows us how different philosophical approaches can help us to think about it in new ways.

E) The fifth thing to say is that the book is not just about the meaning of life. It is also about the nature of philosophy itself. Baggini argues that philosophy is not just an academic discipline, but a way of life. He shows us how philosophy can help us to live better, by encouraging us to think more deeply about the things that matter most to us.

F) The sixth thing to say is that the book is not perfect. There are times when Baggini’s arguments seem a little thin, and there are times when his prose seems a little too breezy. But these are minor quibbles. On the whole, this is an excellent book, and one that deserves to be widely read.

11. The author’s writing style is engaging and humorous. A)

12. The question of the meaning of life is a fundamental and enduring one. B)

13. The book is not a work of original philosophy. C)

14. The author shares his own experiences with the question of the meaning of life. D)

15. The book argues that philosophy is not just an academic discipline. E)

16. The book is not without flaws. F)

17. The question of the meaning of life has been asked by a variety of people. B)

18. The book provides a guide to existing literature on the subject. C)

19. The book offers different philosophical approaches to the question of the meaning of life. D)

20. The book argues that philosophy can help us to live better. E)

Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

21. The company has decided to ________ its operations in Asia.

A) expand

B) extend

C) enlarge

D) escalate

22. The government has promised to ________ the problem of homelessness.

A) address

B) approach

C) appeal

D) apply

23. The new law will ________ employers to provide better working conditions.

A) oblige

B) require

C) demand

D) request

24. The company has been accused of ________ environmental regulations.

A) violating

B) breaking

C) infringing

D) damaging

25. The government has announced plans to ________ taxes on luxury goods.

A) increase

B) raise

C) enhance

D) improve

26. The company has been ________ for its commitment to sustainability.

A) praised

B) criticized

C) blamed

D) accused

27. The government has launched a new initiative to ________ renewable energy.

A) promote

B) encourage

C) support

D) advocate

28. The company has been ________ for its innovative products.

A) recognized

B) acknowledged

C) appreciated

D) thanked

29. The government has been criticized for its failure to ________ the economy.

A) revive

B) recover

C) restore

D) renew

30. The company has announced plans to ________ its workforce by 10%.

A) reduce

B) cut

C) decrease

D) lower

31. The government has promised to ________ the rights of workers.

A) protect

B) defend

C) guard

D) secure

32. The company has been ________ for its commitment to social responsibility.

A) applauded

B) condemned

C) blamed

D) accused

33. The government has been accused of ________ civil liberties.

A) violating

B) breaking

C) infringing

D) damaging

34. The company has been ________ for its contribution to the local community.

A) praised

B) criticized

C) blamed

D) accused

35. The government has announced plans to ________ public spending.

A) cut

B) reduce

C) decrease

D) lower

36. The company has been ________ for its ethical business practices.

A) recognized

B) acknowledged

C) appreciated

D) thanked

37. The government has been criticized for its lack of ________ in dealing with the crisis.

A) leadership

B) direction

C) guidance

D) instruction

38. The company has announced plans to ________ its investment in research and development.

A) increase

B) raise

C) enhance

D) improve

39. The government has launched a new campaign to ________ awareness of the dangers of smoking.

A) promote

B) encourage

C) support

D) advocate

40. The company has been ________ for its commitment to diversity and inclusion.

A) praised

B) criticized

C) blamed

D)